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Author Ferrer Enríquez, Nabí |
Abstract In the present work, two processes currently carried out in discontinuous by the fine chemical industry are studied, the transformation of which in flow presents several of the most common problems. On the one hand, the synthesis of cyclic macrolactones is studied from the thermal decomposition of peroxides, based on the named Story’s synthesis. In particular, the synthesis of 16 hexadecanolide from the decomposition of tricyclohexylidene triperoxide is studied. This reaction presents the difficulties that it is a highly exothermic reaction, and, in addition, a release of CO2 is generated. On the other hand, an industrial process for the manufacture of a reaction intermediate of an API based on the so-called Pinner reaction is studied. In particular, the reaction studied consists of the condensation of nitriles with ethanol in the presence of hydrogen chloride to obtain the corresponding iminoether. This reaction presents the difficulty that the reagents are in three different phases, gas, liquid and solid, and they must be managed before the reaction itself can be performed. During the realization of the present work two main techniques are used. The first is the use of the NPK analysis method, based on data from thermal analysis techniques, to obtain the kinetic models. The second, is the use of a semipermeable membrane reactor that allows both the dosing and the extraction of gases in a continuous basis. Both reactions have been carried out successfully in flow and the processes proposed can be used as a basis to design new methods on an industrial scale. |
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Director Sempere Cebrian, Julià |
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Department IQS SE - Enginyeria Química i Ciència de Materials |
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Date of defense 2019-09-10
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